Microcontroller Based Security Systems with GSM Module

Abstract

Security is becoming an important issue everywhere. It is becoming necessary in today’s world as the possibilities of intrusion are increasing gradually. For people, safety from theft, gas leakage, fire are the most important requirements of home security system. An ordinary security system give the signals during a dangerous situation. However GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) based security systems provide enhanced security. When a signal from sensor occurs, a text message is sent to a desired number to take necessary actions. This system both sends a text message, both the alarm sounds. If various modules are integrated on the alarm platform, security system can have new abilities. This project consists of a microcontroller, LCD screen, GSM module and sensors. The hardware of this system includes Arduino UNO microcontroller which has ATMega328P, LCD screen, SIMCom SIM900 GSM module, LM35 to measure the temperature, buzzer for alarm, laser diode, potentiometers, push buttons, LEDs and LDR.

1. Introduction

1.1 What is A Security System?

Security is the quality or state of being secure. It is freedom from danger, and it implies safety – freedom from fear or anxiety (Purpura, 2010). Security and protection systems are designed to guard people and property against a broad range of hazards, including crime, fire, accidents, espionage, sabotage, subversion, and attack (Security and
Protection System, 2015).

1.2 Why are Security Systems Becoming More Important?

Homes without alarm systems normally find themselves targets to property crimes. Security systems reduce this possibility and keep family members out of harm’s way.

Security alarms concern for safety of your family is natural. Many people also want to protect their property.

Burglaries can happen at any time of the day. It generally happens during time you are away from home or at work. But still while you are inside, someone can be broken in to make you and your family vulnerable.

If burglars know your home has security system installed, they generally stay away. If they decide to take the risk, once the alarm sounds more often than not the burglar decides to not wait for the police. When someone breaks in to your home, a security system also warns you of it so you can take the necessary precautions you know to get your family out of harm’s way.

1.3 Types of Security Systems

In today’s world, there is a variety of security systems in the global market. According to the market research, the common parameters or characteristics of home security system are 24 hours monitoring of the intruder, ease of use, reliability, efficiency, fastness and precise notification system.

1.3.1 Motion Sensors

Motion sensors can detect movement in homes. Some of them can detect changes in heat via infrared rays. If there is no changes in heat, the alarm is not triggered. Also in the global market, there are motion sensors which work with high frequency waves.

1.3.2 Acoustic Sensors

Acoustic sensors can detect sounds such as breaking glass. These sensors are generally put around doors and windows where intruders are likely to try and gain entrance into a home or business.

1.3.3 Security Alarms

These alarms are fixed in homes and are triggered in case of emergencies by people and in the event that there is a medical or other emergency, the alarm can be triggered.

1.3.4 Smoke and Gas Detectors

Smoke and gas detectors are some of the most important sensors. Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases. To detect gases, they use infrared rays. Absorption rate of infrared rays depends on gas types. The energy of infrared rays is compared with reference values. The difference in energy between two values changes according to substance of gases. Also, smoke detectors work in a similar way.

1.3.5 Digital Security Systems

These systems secure a certain area and require a code to disarm them. If this is not done, the company that monitors the device will check for an error or send help, if necessary.

1.3.6 GSM Based Security Systems

In today’s world, almost everyone has a mobile phone. Therefore, GSM based security systems are popular. The applications of GSM security systems have a huge amount of variety. For instance; sending a text message, calling a number or police during emergencies, send position information via GPRS, etc.

When the alarms connected with sensors in your home or office are triggered, GSM module sends a text message to your mobile phone or call the police.

1.4 Why is GSM Based Security Systems?

GSM Based security system makes use of the currently-available GSM infrastructure and the hardware units using said infrastructure, functioning everywhere with GSM signals available. It automates the home and keeps updating the user using GSM technology.

At the beginning of the 21st century cellular phones are playing crucial role in everyday life. With respect to achievements of digital technology, modern cellular phones are used not only for talking but also for digital information exchange and control systems (T. Kubik, 2001). The applications of GSM based security system are quite diverse. There are many real life situations that require control of different devices remotely and to provide security. In some cases, there is not a feasible wired connection between a remote appliance/device and the control unit due to structural problems. In such cases a wireless connection is a better option.

The GSM based security system is reliable and user friendly. When sensors detect sound, smoke, gas leakage, it can inform user on their mobile number via text messages. Moreover, precious sensors and modules can be integrated on this system. For instance; it can automatically switch Electric Appliances and Devices ON/OFF according to user’s requirement or the user can check with mobile phone whether someone broke into her/his house.

Project Poster

It was designed for the project on Adobe Photoshop.

Presentation

References

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